40% of returnees have a monthly income of less than 6,000 yuan, and private enterprises have become the largest carrier of returnees’ employment.

　　Xinhuanet Beijing, August 14th (Jian Chen) "Nearly 90% of returnees can find jobs within half a year" "IT/ Communication/Electronics/Internet industry has surpassed the financial industry and become the industry with the largest number of employees" "The proportion of private/private enterprises has increased significantly" "More than 40% of returnees have a monthly income of less than 6,000 yuan after tax" … … The Global Think Tank (CCG) and Zhaopin recently released the "2017 Survey Report on the Employment and Entrepreneurship of Returnees in China", reflecting the problems faced by the new generation of returnees, mainly those born after 1980s and 1990s.

　　According to data from the Ministry of Education, the number of college graduates nationwide in 2017 is expected to reach 7.95 million, an increase of 300,000 compared with 2016 (7.65 million). On the other hand, according to the data released by the 2017 Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference on the Service of Returned Overseas Students, by the end of 2016, the total number of returned overseas students in China had reached 2,651,100. In 2016 alone, 432,500 overseas students had graduated and returned to China, and the number of new returnees had exceeded the expected increase of college graduates. It can be seen that the "talent magnet" effect is playing a positive role under the rapid economic and social development in China. At the same time, the rapid growth of returnees makes their employment pressure even worse than before.

　　According to the survey report, in the salary distribution of returnees, the monthly income after tax is below 6,000 yuan, accounting for 44.8%, 6,001-8,000 yuan, 22.7%, 8,000-10,000 yuan, 10,001-20,000 yuan, respectively, accounting for 13.0% and 13.7%, and 20,001 yuan and above accounting for 5.8%.

　　Compared with the actual work income and personal expected income, nearly 70% of returnees think that it is far below the expected salary, only 1% think that it is higher than the expected salary, and 30% think that it basically meets the expected salary.

　　Li Qiang, Senior Director of Public Relations Department of Zhaopin Recruitment Market, pointed out that the biggest obstacle for returnees to find jobs in China is the difference between reality and ideal. "He has high expectations. For example, he hopes that his monthly income will reach more than 20,000 in China, but the reality will not be so high. This is the biggest difference."

　　Returnees hold a positive attitude towards the value of studying abroad. 36.3% think that the income is greater than the cost, and 18.1% think that the income is equivalent to the cost, and the sum of them is 54.4%. As for the cost recovery of studying abroad, 30.3% people think that the economic cost of going abroad can be recovered in 3-5 years, 24.1% people think that it can be recovered in 1-3 years, and another part (22.5%) thinks that it will take 5-10 years to recover the economic cost, accounting for 17.5% in more than 10 years.

　　According to the report, nearly 90% of returnees can find their first job within six months, 32.1% can find a job within one month, 38.6% can find a job within one to three months, and 18.5% can find a job within three to six months.

　　From the employment industries of returnees, IT/ communication/electronics/Internet industry and financial industry rank in the top two. Compared with 2015, the number of employees in the IT/ communication/electronics/Internet industry surpassed that in the financial industry, rising from the fourth place to the first place, with an increase of 10 percentage points, reflecting the rapid development of China’s IT/ communication/electronics/Internet industry in recent years.

　　Among the job types of returnees, the top five are sales, technology, marketing/public relations/advertising, operation, administration/logistics, followed by finance, human resources, research and development, design and products.

　　The returnees’ matching degree between their current jobs and their overseas majors is low, with only 16.9% thinking that they are very matched, 54.5% thinking that they are generally matched, and 28.6% thinking that they are completely mismatched.

　　Further investigation found that in the rank distribution, 59.7% of returnees were employed in ordinary posts, accounting for the highest proportion. However, 21.4% of them work for grass-roots managers, 12.5% for middle managers and 4.6% for senior managers.

　　On the view of the development prospect of the current industry, the returnees are optimistic as a whole, with 27.1% thinking it is very promising, 32.4% developing steadily, 19.1% thinking it will be transformed, upgraded or shuffled, and 11.3% thinking it will shrink further.

　　More than half of the returnees believe that studying abroad is conducive to personal promotion, and the proportion of returnees without job-hopping experience is 52.7%. The main reason for job-hopping is to find better job opportunities.

　　Compared with 2015, the proportion of returnees who choose private/private enterprises has increased significantly, with an increase of 11.3 percentage points, and private enterprises have become the largest carrier to attract returnees’ employment; The proportion of returnees choosing foreign/Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan-owned enterprises dropped by 10 percentage points, indicating that the talent competitiveness of domestic private enterprises has gradually increased.

　　Mabel Miao, deputy director of globalization think tank, predicted that more returnees would enter private enterprises in the future. She said that with the rise of private enterprises in China, many people are keen to turn to private enterprises instead of state-owned enterprises, which is related to the internationalization of private enterprises in China.

　　According to the report, in terms of returnees’ entrepreneurship, facilitating family reunion and optimistic about domestic development potential are the two main reasons for returnees to return to China to start businesses. In addition, easy access to social networks such as relatives and friends, good domestic entrepreneurial environment, holding patented technology and good domestic market prospects in related fields accounted for 33.8%, 29.4% and 18.4% respectively. From the analysis of the initial start-up time, 76.4% of returnees have started their business since 2015.

　　The research group believes that such a high proportion is closely related to the country’s vigorous advocacy of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" and the introduction of support policies for innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Among the cities chosen by returnees, Beijing, as the center of scientific and technological innovation, especially the innovation and entrepreneurship gathering represented by Zhongguancun, is more attractive to returnees, and it is still the first choice for returnees to start businesses, accounting for 24.3%, followed by Shanghai (8.1%), Chengdu (6.6%), Guangzhou (5.9%) and Wuhan (4.4%). These five cities have attracted almost half of the entrepreneurs. The region where entrepreneurship is located presents the basic characteristics of "first-tier cities are dominant, and second-tier characteristic cities are rising rapidly".

　　The survey shows that the reasons for returnees to choose entrepreneurial cities are diversified. First of all, economic development, personal connections, comfortable environment, strong cultural diversity and inclusiveness, and resource concentration are more than one-third. Followed by industrial base, supporting facilities and talent policy. It can be seen that the soft power of urban development is more concerned by returnees entrepreneurs.

　　Li Qing, director of a global think tank research department, believes that returnees need support and help from the government and all sectors of society in the process of starting a business. "Because of the characteristics of returnees, they have different time to study and graduate in different countries, and the advantages of various disciplines in each country are different, so they will encounter some docking problems when they go back to China to find a job." He said that when domestic college graduates are employed, there will be job fairs in cooperation with schools, and the degree of employment matching will be higher than that of returnees. "The government and society need to set up a better platform for returnees, such as the American returnee job fair or the British returnee job fair."

　　Employment information consultation, interpretation of returnee policies, career planning and employment recommendation are the four services that returnees are most eager to obtain before returning to China, followed by targeted recruitment channels.

　　Through investigation, it is found that in attracting international students, the government should improve the incentive and guarantee policies in four aspects: improving the salary and welfare of talents (74.2%), building an exchange platform for young returnees (59%), establishing a talent subsidy system (50.6%), solving the household registration housing space (47.8%), creating a good legal environment (33.4%) and strengthening intellectual property protection.

　　According to the survey, the vast majority of returnees believe that studying abroad has greatly improved their adaptability to life, cross-cultural communication ability, independent thinking ability, professional knowledge and skills, and nearly half think that their innovation ability and network expansion have also been developed.

　　As for the campus security issues that are currently receiving more attention, more than 60% of returnees think that the campus security issues abroad are only "individual cases" and "magnified by the media, which is not worth making a fuss", while 27.4% people think that "it is more common and it is necessary to raise awareness of prevention".

　　In terms of employment, nearly 90% of the respondents believe that the greatest advantage of returnees lies in their international vision, language advantages and cross-cultural communication skills. However, in the survey, returnees also think that they have disadvantages in employment, mainly because they don’t understand the domestic employment situation and the needs of enterprises; Returning home late, missing the school recruitment season; Not adapting to the domestic human society, it is difficult to obtain development opportunities; Low efficiency of sea investment; Not familiar with the domestic market environment, etc.

　　Compared with those who have no experience in studying abroad, 48.4% of returnees think that they are better than similar students in China, 22.8% think that there is no difference between them, and 10.8% think that they are not as good as similar students in China.

　　"Convenient family reunion" and "the influence of emotional and cultural factors" are the two main reasons for returnees to return to China, accounting for 70.6% and 63% respectively. The fact that more than 70% of the returnees in the survey sample are only children cannot be ignored. The proportion of domestic economic growth, political stability, food culture, unfavorable foreign economic situation, rich domestic life and other factors all exceeded 25%, and only 8.8% of the people returned home because of the relevant preferential policies of the state.