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　　CCTV News:Today (November 28th), a new round of real estate control policy was introduced in Shanghai. For households who already own a house in Shanghai or have no housing in Shanghai but have housing loan records (including commercial or provident fund housing loan records), the down payment ratio is not less than 50%.

　　The Shanghai Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Shanghai Branch of the People’s Bank of China and the Shanghai Banking Regulatory Bureau jointly issued the Notice on Promoting the Stable, Healthy and Orderly Development of the Real Estate Market in this Municipality and Further Improving the Differentiated Housing Credit Policy. The Notice stipulates that,As agreed by the self-discipline mechanism of Shanghai market interest rate pricing, the following requirements are made for differentiated housing credit policies:

　　Since November 29, 2016, if a household purchases the first set of housing (that is, if there is no housing in this city under the name of the household and there is no commercial housing loan record or provident fund housing loan record) and applies for a commercial personal housing loan, the down payment ratio shall not be less than 35%.

　　In this city has a set of housing, or in this city has no housing but housing loan records (including commercial or provident fund housing loan records) of households to apply for commercial personal housing loans, the purchase of ordinary self-housing, the down payment ratio is not less than 50%; For those who purchase non-ordinary self-occupied houses, the down payment ratio shall not be less than 70%.

　　The "Notice" requires that all housing management departments should strengthen the review of housing transactions and conscientiously do a good job in housing credit housing information inquiry. Commercial banks should continue to strengthen the audit of the source of down payment funds and the authenticity of income certificates, and carefully grasp the specific implementation level according to the borrower’s family credit status and solvency. For those who have the characteristics of investment and speculative housing purchase, the down payment ratio and interest rate should be strictly determined. People’s Bank of China Shanghai Branch and Shanghai Banking Regulatory Bureau will strengthen supervision and inspection. In addition, the Shanghai Banking Regulatory Bureau, together with the land regulatory authorities, has thoroughly verified the sources of funds for some land auctions, and is taking administrative punishment measures against banking financial institutions that have verified that funds have entered the land trading market in violation of regulations. Follow-up will also actively cooperate with relevant departments to continuously carry out the verification of the source of land transaction funds.

　　On the same day, the Shanghai Housing Provident Fund Management Committee issued the Notice on Adjusting the Personal Loan Policy of the Housing Provident Fund in this Municipality:

　　First, strictly implement the differentiated credit policy of provident fund. On the premise of distinguishing between the first and second home purchases, the down payment ratio for the second improved home purchase will be raised to 50% for ordinary commercial housing and 70% for non-ordinary commercial housing, the loan interest rate for the second ordinary commercial housing will be raised by 10%, and the maximum personal loan for the second ordinary commercial housing will be lowered by 100,000 yuan, and loans will be stopped from being issued to employees’ families with two provident fund loans.

　　The second is to reflect the fairness, sustainability and risk control of the provident fund system. The multiple of the loan amount determined by the borrower with the balance of the provident fund deposit account decreased from 40 times to 30 times; Strictly implement the calculation ratio of the repayment ability of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development to reduce the monthly repayment amount to no more than 40% of the salary base, and the caliber of the second set of improved housing identification standards.

　　In addition, the city will increase the supply of commercial housing land to ensure that the supply of commercial housing land will increase year-on-year in 2016. Further strengthen the management of pre-sale behavior of commercial housing, strengthen the supervision of real estate enterprises and employees, continue to carry out special rectification of the real estate market order, and resolutely crack down on property hoarding, speculation of housing prices, false advertisements, deception of consumer transactions and various price violations by real estate development enterprises and brokerage enterprises; We will intensify efforts to investigate and deal with acts such as compiling rumors, spreading false information and disrupting market order, and deal with them severely according to the law and regulations. Cultivate and develop the housing rental market, encourage social professional institutions to continuously expand the scale of agency leasing business, effectively implement the registration and filing system of residential housing lease contracts, standardize housing leasing behavior, stabilize housing leasing relations, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of leasing parties.

　　The city will continue to adhere to the housing market system of "residence-oriented, citizens-oriented and ordinary commodity housing-oriented", constantly improve the "four-in-one" housing security system, continue to strictly implement the provisions of "Shanghai Nine Articles" and "Shanghai Six Articles" in accordance with the requirements of the state on housing purchase restriction and loan restriction, strengthen the responsibility of market regulation, strengthen supervision and inspection, implement the assessment system, ensure the implementation of various regulatory policies, and promote the stability of the city’s real estate market.

　　Policy question and answer

　　1. How do commercial banks identify the first home loan?

　　A: If a resident’s family has no housing in Shanghai, and the credit information system of the People’s Bank of China shows that there is no record of commercial housing loans or provident fund housing loans in all parts of the country, it will be implemented according to the first home loan policy, and the down payment ratio will not be less than 35%.

　　Second, how do commercial banks identify second-home loans?

　　Answer: If a resident’s family has no housing in Shanghai, but there are commercial housing loan records or provident fund housing loan records in all parts of the country through the credit information system of the People’s Bank of China, or if it is found in the Shanghai real estate transaction system that he already owns a house (whether he has a housing loan record or not, whether his housing loan is settled or not), the second home loan policy will be implemented, that is, if he buys an ordinary self-occupied house, the down payment ratio will be no less than 50%; For those who purchase non-ordinary self-occupied houses, the down payment ratio shall not be less than 70%.

　　3. When will this policy adjustment be implemented?

　　A: In order to minimize the impact of policy adjustment on newly applied families, this policy adjustment is based on the online signing time of the house purchase contract. If the online signing time is after November 29th (inclusive), the new policy will be implemented; if the online signing time is before November 28th (inclusive), the original policy will remain unchanged.

　　Four, how to purchase housing information query for housing credit?

　　Answer: After signing the house purchase contract, the borrower and his family members should apply to the Municipal Housing Information Center to check the housing situation under the family name with the house purchase contract, the Borrower’s Family Housing Inquiry Application Form reviewed by the loan bank, the identity documents of the borrower and his family members, household registration book, marriage certificate and other materials, and the Municipal Housing Information Center will issue the inquiry results within 5 working days after accepting it, which will serve as the basis for the loan bank to examine the loan.

　　In order to facilitate the inquiry procedures, most commercial banks in Shanghai provide agency services for housing information inquiry. With the authorization of the parties, the loan bank can handle the inquiry with the relevant materials to the Municipal Housing Information Center.

　　V. The "Notice" proposes to strictly verify the information about the housing situation of the households who purchase houses. What are the specific contents?

　　A: Shanghai Housing Information Center will strictly verify the information about the borrower’s family housing situation with all lending banks. First, check the information about the housing situation declared by the borrower under the names of his family members; The second is to check the marital status and other information declared by the borrower through networking with civil affairs departments; The third is to compare the consistency of the borrower’s declaration of relevant information in property tax, housing purchase restriction and differentiated housing credit application.

　　6. What is the basis for this adjustment of provident fund loan policy?

　　A: According to the differential credit policy of Shanghai housing provident fund, in the past, it was mainly to review the housing situation under the name of the family applying for loans. Even if the paid-in employees have used provident fund loans, they can still apply again after paying off. This adjustment is to simultaneously review the housing situation under the family name and the provident fund loan record. For the families of paid employees who have purchased the first set of housing and have never used the provident fund, the differentiated credit policy of the provident fund will not be adjusted; For the paid workers’ families who have used the provident fund loan once, even if there is no house under their name, they can only enjoy the second set of improved housing loan policy; The third provident fund loan will not be issued to the paid employee families who have used the provident fund loan twice. This is conducive to the differentiation and fairness of provident fund loans, but also reflects the object of provident fund support.

　　Adjusting the loan policy of the second set of improved housing is a corresponding adjustment according to the requirements of this real estate regulation and control. In 2010, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other four ministries and commissions required that the down payment ratio of the provident fund for the second set of improved housing should not be less than 50%, and the loan interest rate should not be less than 1.1 times of the loan interest rate for the first set of housing provident fund in the same period. In November 2014, in order to support housing consumption, according to the documents of the People’s Bank of China and the China Banking Regulatory Commission, Shanghai implemented the provident fund loan policy for purchasing the second set of improved ordinary housing with reference to the first set of housing policies. However, under the current background of real estate regulation and control, the down payment ratio, provident fund loan interest rate and maximum loan limit are adjusted accordingly to better reflect the differentiated management with the first set of first-time home buyers.

　　The adjustment of the monthly income base ratio of the borrower’s ability to calculate repayment is based on the spirit of "the upper limit of the ratio of monthly repayment amount to monthly income is controlled at 50%-60% on the premise of ensuring the borrower’s basic living expenses" in the Notice on Effectively Improving the Use Efficiency of Housing Provident Fund (Jian Jin [2015] No.150). At present, the repayment ability of provident fund borrowers in Shanghai is calculated as the monthly repayment principal does not exceed 50% of wage income. If interest is added, the monthly repayment amount accounts for about 70% of wage income, which exceeds the upper limit control standard of 50%-60%. This adjustment from 50% to 40% can truly reflect the borrower’s solvency, and the monthly principal and interest payments are controlled within the scope stipulated by the policy to reduce the risk of default of provident fund loans.

　　The strict identification of purchasing the second improved housing is further clarified according to the spirit of "The second housing provident fund personal housing loan is only granted to the paid workers’ families (including borrowers, spouses and minor children) whose existing per capita housing construction area is lower than the local average level, and the loan purpose is only limited to the purchase of ordinary self-occupied housing with improved living conditions" in the Notice on Relevant Issues Concerning Regulating the Housing Provident Fund Personal Housing Loan Policy (Jian Jin [2010] No.179).

　　To calculate the deposit balance multiple of provident fund loan amount, the loan risk leverage and the principles of mutual assistance, fairness, sharing and sustainability of housing provident fund are usually considered comprehensively. Other cities in the country are not higher than 25 times, generally between 10 and 20 times. Shanghai has taken into account factors such as policy continuity and gradual progress, and this time it is appropriately lowered from 40 times to 30 times (the supplementary provident fund is lowered from 20 times to 10 times).

　　7. What is the self-discipline mechanism of Shanghai market interest rate pricing?

　　A: The self-discipline mechanism of Shanghai market interest rate pricing is a self-discipline coordination mechanism of Shanghai banking financial institutions under the supervision and guidance of the Shanghai Headquarters of the People’s Bank of China, which plays an important role in Shanghai real estate financial regulation and control. First, according to the requirements of Shanghai real estate regulation and control, under the guidance of the Shanghai Headquarters of the People’s Bank of China, according to the principle of "making policies according to the city", the differentiated housing credit policy adjustment plan is determined through consultation. Second, it has played a key role in unifying the specific implementation standards of differentiated housing credit policies, standardizing the cooperation between commercial banks and real estate intermediaries, preventing off-site fund-raising and leverage in the real estate market such as "down payment", and maintaining the order of the housing financial market, effectively urging commercial banks to fully implement Shanghai’s real estate financial regulation and control policies. (CCTV reporter Sheng Yuyu)

After the production and sales exceed 30 million vehicles and the export ranks first in the world, the next development of China’s automobile industry needs to be optimistic and rational.

In terms of scale, according to the data of China Automobile Industry Association, in 2023, the production and sales of automobiles in China were 30.161 million and 30.094 million respectively.A record high. Cui Dongshu, secretary-general of the Association, issued a document saying that in 2023, China’s automobile production and sales scale has occupied 33% of the world automobile market share, and in the future, China’s automobile production and sales share will exceed 40% and move towards 50%.

The data shows that in 2023, the overall income of China’s automobile industry exceeded 10 trillion yuan, and the profit reached.508.6 billion yuan, the profit growth rate is lower than the income growth rate. In addition, the profit rate of the automobile industry is 5.0%, which is lower than the average profit rate of the whole industrial enterprise of 5.8%.In the past decade, the profit rate of China’s automobile industry has shown a downward trend, and this figure will reach 8.7% in 2015.

Cui Dongshu pointed out that the recent decline in profits of the automobile industry is still relatively large, and automobile companies are facing greater profit pressure. The production and sales of the automobile industry are good at a high base. However, as the source of profits mainly depends on exports and high-end luxury models, most other enterprises have experienced a sharp decline, and some enterprises have increased their survival pressure.

Under the transformation of new energy, the automobile industry is currently in a situation where fuel vehicles are profitable but shrinking rapidly, and new energy vehicles are growing at a high speed but losing a lot.

Yang Jing, director of Fitch Ratings Asia-Pacific Enterprise Rating, told Interface News that the decline in profits of the automobile industry was affected by factors such as the shortage of supply chains of previous joint venture brands, the increase in short-term costs, and the decline in sales of fuel vehicles. Although Chinese independent brands have made up the market share of joint venture brands with new energy vehicles, their profitability is still weak.

In addition, from the perspective of scale effect, BYD and other head companies have a large market share, but the market share of other brands is still small. "If the sales scale of new energy brands does not reach a certain level, it is difficult to significantly improve profit margins just by reducing costs and increasing efficiency."

Yang Jing believes that at present, it is difficult for the profit rate of the automobile industry to return to its original level in a short period of time, and the industry as a whole may show a downward trend in the medium and long term. In the future, it is necessary to pay attention to the decline of battery costs and intelligent profitability.

At the same time, Cui Dongshu pointed out that going to sea will be the next explosion point of China’s automobile industry in the next decade.

Cui Dongshu said that China’s automobile export market has shown strong growth in the past three years, and the growth rate of China’s automobile export will remain at 56% in 2023. From the perspective of export amount, in 2023, automobile exports reached 101.6 billion US dollars, with a growth rate of 69%, and the average price of bicycles also increased from 18,000 US dollars to 19,000 US dollars.

According to the full-caliber data of the Association, the overseas sales of China automobile manufacturers such as SAIC passenger cars and Chery have reached more than half of the sales of enterprises, and BYD’s export sales have also jumped by 334%.

However, it is worth noting that Fu Bingfeng, executive vice president and secretary general of China Automobile Industry Association, said in an interview that the number of automobile exports of a country is counted according to the principle of territoriality, which also includes the number of automobiles produced locally by foreign brands and then exported, so the number of automobile exports cannot be simply used as a criterion.

For automobile export, the export of automobile products is in the primary stage, followed by building factories overseas to produce automobiles. Most automobile manufacturers such as Japan and Germany adopt this model (not included in the statistics of export volume). Cui Dongshu pointed out in the article that Japanese automobile exports are weaker than overseas production scale. In 2022, Japanese automobile production at home and abroad accounted for 69%, and major automobile manufacturers accounted for more than 70% overseas.

In the past two years, BYD, Changan, SAIC, Great Wall Motor, Chery and many other American automakers have begun to invest and build factories in South China and Southeast Asia, which will have great potential in export and overseas production in the future.

　　"Recently, we are studying and launching several other structural tools, mainly focusing on supporting the smooth operation of the real estate market, including the Baojiaolou loan support plan, the housing rental loan support plan, and the private enterprise bond financing support tools. We will make some other detailed disclosures and releases after the introduction." On January 13, at the press conference of the State Council Office, Zou Lan, Director of the Monetary Policy Department of the Central Bank, introduced.

　　In the past few days, the real estate policy has been favorable. On the 10th, the People’s Bank of China and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission jointly held a symposium on credit work of major banks. At the symposium, CBN was informed that in order to effectively prevent and resolve the risks of high-quality head housing enterprises and improve their assets and liabilities, the relevant departments drafted the Action Plan for Improving the Balance Sheet Plan of High-quality Housing Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan). The action plan focuses on 21 tasks from four aspects: assets, liabilities, rights and interests, and expectations, including the implementation of some issued policies and some new policies.

　　Chen Wenjing, director of market research in the Index Division of the Central Finger Research Institute, said that the four major policy directions of financial support for real estate are clearer: differentiated credit support on the demand side, improvement of policy tools for guaranteeing the delivery of buildings, improvement of the balance sheets of high-quality housing enterprises, and improvement of financial support policies for housing leasing.

　　Improve the balance sheet of high-quality housing enterprises

　　From the specific content of the action plan, on the asset side, we should activate reasonable demand by optimizing policies, increase efforts to guarantee the delivery of buildings, stabilize real estate sales, compact the responsibility of enterprises to slim down and save themselves, and strive to improve the operating cash flow of high-quality housing enterprises. We will support the demand for rigid and improved housing, speed up the special loan for newly-added Baojiaolou, set up a 200-billion-yuan loan support plan for Baojiaolou, set up a special re-loan for national asset management companies, and set up a 100-billion-yuan housing rental loan support plan. A series of measures are accelerating.

　　On the debt side, under the premise of risk control and ensuring the security of creditor’s rights, we will start with the stock and increment, increase the multi-channel financing support such as loans, bonds and asset management, and keep the financing cash flow of high-quality housing enterprises stable.

　　On the equity side, support high-quality housing enterprises to enrich their capital through equity financing measures, reduce financial leverage and enhance their ability to resist risks.

　　In terms of the expected improvement of the real estate market, it is clear that it is necessary to establish a positive image of high-quality housing enterprises, ensure the delivery time and quality of commercial housing, improve the quality of financial statements and information disclosure of housing enterprises, improve market expectations and rebuild industry confidence.

　　Zou Lan said at the press conference that the action plan focuses on high-quality real estate enterprises that focus on their main business, operate in compliance, have good qualifications and have certain systemic importance, and focuses on promoting 21 tasks in four aspects: asset activation, debt succession, equity supplement and expected promotion. Comprehensive measures are taken to improve the cash flow of high-quality real estate enterprises and guide the balance sheets of high-quality real estate enterprises to return to a safe range. These tasks include not only the implementation of the policies that have been issued, but also a series of new measures such as setting up special refinancing for national asset management companies and setting up housing rental loan support plans.

　　While clarifying the basic conditions of high-quality housing enterprises, the action plan indicates that there is no specific list, and financial institutions can grasp it independently. At present, most real estate enterprises that have signed intention credit agreements with state-owned banks and other prime bank can be classified as high-quality real estate enterprises. The industry also believes that the absence of a specific list means that the scope of supporting enterprises is also expanding.

　　Liu Shui, director of enterprise research at the China Central Finger Research Institute, believes that the formulation of the action plan shows that the management department has made a more systematic and overall solution to prevent and resolve the risks of high-quality head housing enterprises. "Asset activation effectively improves the operating and financing cash flow of housing enterprises. Debt continues to ease the liquidity tension. Supplement equity, optimize the structure of assets and liabilities, and reduce leverage ratio. The expected improvement will repair industry confidence. "

　　"Three lines and four gears" will be adjusted

　　What is particularly striking is that the action plan clearly needs to improve the "three lines and four files" rules for 30 pilot housing enterprises, and improve some parameter settings on the basis of keeping the overall framework of the rules unchanged.

　　The so-called "three lines and four gears" means that in August 2020, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the central bank held a symposium on key real estate enterprises, at which three regulatory requirements were put forward: the asset-liability ratio excluding advance payments should not be greater than 70%, the net debt ratio should not be greater than 100%, and the cash short-term debt ratio should not be less than 1 times.

　　According to the number of lines on the "three red lines", real estate enterprises are divided into four grades of management: red, orange, yellow and green. For each grade reduction, the upper limit of the growth rate of interest-bearing liabilities will increase by 5%, and the annual growth rate of interest-bearing liabilities of real estate enterprises in the green position should not exceed 15%.

　　According to the regulatory requirements, from January 1, 2021, housing enterprises officially entered the test period of reducing leverage; By the end of June 2023, all the "three red lines" indicators of pilot housing enterprises must meet the standards, and all housing enterprises will meet the standards by the end of 2023.

　　Since then, downshifting, debt reduction and burden reduction have become the main theme of housing enterprise management. In this tide of reducing leverage, many housing enterprises optimize their balance sheets by reducing borrowing and controlling land acquisition. Until 2021, the leverage ratio of the whole industry generally showed a downward trend. However, since 2022, affected by repeated epidemics, supply cuts and other factors, the sales of housing enterprises have fallen sharply, and the return and cash holdings have dropped significantly. The "stepping on the line" housing enterprises have a tendency to expand.

　　According to Cree’s statistics, from the classification of sample real estate enterprises, the number of real estate enterprises stepping on the line has increased significantly since the middle of 2021, and the proportion of green housing enterprises in the first half of 2022 has dropped from 42% at the beginning of the year to 32%; The proportion of yellow, orange and red housing enterprises has risen, and the proportion of red housing enterprises has increased year by year, from 7% in mid-2021 to 17% in mid-2022.

　　At the same time, there is the problem of excessive contraction of financial institutions. Some financial institutions will require that the balance of interest-bearing liabilities of "red-file" enterprises should not be increased, which is misunderstood as that banks are not allowed to issue new development loans. After the enterprises pay back the loans, the newly started projects that should have been reasonably supported will not get loans, which has also caused some enterprises’ capital chains to be tight to some extent.

　　Last year, industry suggestions for fine-tuning the "three red lines" began to appear. For example, Sheng Songcheng, former director of the Survey and Statistics Department of the People’s Bank of China, suggested in April last year that the deleveraging cycle should be appropriately extended without changing the goal of deleveraging policy, including appropriately adjusting the three red lines and loan concentration assessment requirements, so as to gain time for the industry to respond to the epidemic.

　　At the beginning of last year, there was market news that banks had informed some large-scale high-quality real estate enterprises that the relevant M&A loans were no longer included in the "three red lines" related indicators for the debt-bearing acquisition of insurance enterprise projects. However, the "third line and fourth gear" is still an important criterion for financial institutions to judge housing enterprises.

　　Experts interviewed in the industry believe that the "three red lines" standard will be fine-tuned, and it is expected that the requirements of the red line will not change. It may be the same as the loan concentration, extending or setting the transition period, weakening different gears, and increasing the tolerance for debt growth. The requirements for land acquisition and cash flow will also decrease. As a result, some enterprises will have certain leverage space.

　　Yan Yuejin, research director of Shanghai Yiju Real Estate Research Institute, believes that mortgage concentration and three red lines will continue to be implemented, and the overall reform idea is still in line with the long-term mechanism of real estate financial management, but it will be combined with short-term and medium-and long-term work. At present, the short-term emergency policy will be emphasized, so the concentration of mortgage and the three red lines will be relaxed or buffered.

　　Liu Shui said that reasonably extending the transition period of the real estate loan concentration management system and improving the parameter setting of the "three-line and four-file" rules of housing enterprises will give housing enterprises a relaxed financing environment and reduce the pressure of financing and debt. On the one hand, extend the transition period of real estate loan concentration management system, reduce the credit constraints of banks, and provide loose conditions for banks to support real estate financing. On the other hand, according to the actual situation of the industry, flexibly adjusting and perfecting the parameter settings of "three lines and four gears" and reducing the requirements for housing enterprises can reduce the pressure on the operation, financing and debt of housing enterprises.

　　The market is expected to go out of the trough.

　　"The industry’s debt structure is highly diversified, and financial liabilities only account for 31%, of which bank development loans account for 14%, domestic and foreign bonds account for 9%, and non-standard financing accounts for 8%; The rest are mainly 30% of the upstream and downstream enterprises, 32% of the individual house payment in advance, and 7% of the taxes and fees delayed. " Zou Lan said at the press conference.

　　Real estate has a systematic impact on economic development and risk prevention and control. The Central Economic Work Conference made it clear that to effectively prevent and resolve major economic and financial risks, it is necessary to ensure the stable development of the real estate market, do a solid job in ensuring the delivery of buildings, people’s livelihood and stability, meet the reasonable financing needs of the industry, effectively prevent and resolve the risks of high-quality head housing enterprises, and improve the balance sheet.

　　Since 2022, in response to some adjustments in the real estate market, financial management departments have made efforts from both supply and demand to promote the smooth operation of the real estate market. With the gradual emergence of relevant policies, the financing environment of the real estate industry, especially high-quality housing enterprises, has improved significantly.

　　Zou Lan introduced that from September to November 2022, real estate development loans increased by more than 170 billion yuan, an increase of more than 200 billion yuan year-on-year. In the fourth quarter of 2022, domestic real estate corporate bonds issued more than 120 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22%.

　　"Recently, many banks have signed a huge amount of strategic credit cooperation with real estate enterprises, but they are all thunder and rain." A person from the investment banking department of a brokerage firm who has been tracking the real estate sector for a long time said that banks may delay the landing on the grounds that the concentration of real estate loans has been relatively high. If the action plan is followed up, it may clear the way for financial institutions such as banks to provide support to the real estate industry.

　　Yuan Hao, an analyst in the real estate industry of Shenwan Hongyuan, believes that improving the "three lines and four files" rules for 30 pilot housing enterprises indicates that the scope of the "guarantee subject" will be further expanded, and the debt growth ceiling of the "four files" housing enterprises will be optimized, especially the green file housing enterprises may have more room for expansion at the debt end, and the subsequent green file housing enterprises will be more active in land acquisition and help the sales increase steadily.

　　Lian Ping, chief economist and dean of the research institute of Zhixin Investment, believes that in 2023, driven by stronger policies, the real estate market is expected to gradually step out of the "trough" in the second half of the second quarter, and key cities will take the lead in stabilizing and rebounding. The growth rate of real estate sales, land acquisition and investment throughout the year is marginally improved compared with that in 2022. At the same time, a series of factors such as improved demand, improved employment environment, accelerated repair of service consumption, increased support for boosting policies and low base will promote a significant rebound in social consumption.

　　It’s so cold recently

　　Outdoor temperature difference in winter training of army units

　　Reached an astonishing 88℃

　　Daxinganling area, where a frontier defense regiment of the Army is stationed.

　　It’s already cold to off the charts.

　　Reached MINUS 50℃

　　The peacekeepers in Wan Li and Africa laughed.

　　You are "frozen into sticks" in the cold winter of MINUS 50℃

　　But we "sauna" in the high temperature of 38℃

　　today

　　Xiaobian will take you.

　　Walk into the army winter training ground

　　Feel the temperature difference of 88℃

　　Embrace the training craze

　　50℃ below zero

　　Coordinates: 53 degrees north latitude

　　The lowest temperature is -50℃

　　A frontier brigade of the army in the northern theater took advantage of the opportunity of training in extremely cold conditions to carry out drills in the border section such as "border control", "driving and fighting" and "position defense". (Wu Jian, Zhang Dongdan)

　　40℃ below zero

　　Coordinates: Mohe, Heilongjiang

　　The lowest temperature is -44℃

　　In view of the increasing number of resident tourists and the increasing pressure of border control, officers and men of a border defense company in Mohe set up 8 kilometers of blocking facilities on the frozen Heilongjiang River, and hung propaganda banners and warning slogans at various important intersections, insisting on the combination of fixed-point duty and routine patrol, ensuring the security and stability of the jurisdiction. (Cao Quanxing)

　　Coordinates: China-Mongolia border

　　The lowest temperature is -40℃

　　The officers and men of a border brigade stationed on the border between China and Mongolia took advantage of the situation and carried out winter training according to local conditions. They took the cold weather as a favorable opportunity to train, organized officers and men to carry out physical training in the freezing cold, challenged the extreme cold, forged steel bars and iron bones, and tempered the quality of hard will. (Liu Hongwei, Nanding)

　　30℃ below zero

　　Coordinates: a plain in Heilongjiang

　　The lowest temperature is -34℃

　　The chariot galloped at a base of the Army, which started at a high speed, drifting over a big bend, rushing steep slopes, crossing cliffs, jumping over craters and turning over the earth ridge … … Groups of test data are also rapidly transmitted to the tester’s computer, and valid data are successfully admitted. (Chen Jingxin, Fang Shiwei, Liu Jianyuan)

　　Coordinates: A joint training base in Zhu Rihe

　　The lowest temperature is-32℃

　　The officers and men of a joint training base of the Army braved the biting cold wind and quickly advanced into the depths of the grassland, opening the winter training curtain. (Wang Chao, Dong Tianqu, Villy Vonka, Ren Panjie, Wang Yajun)

　　Coordinates: somewhere in Xinjiang

　　The lowest temperature is-30℃

　　A Mobu regiment in Xinjiang Military Region effectively combines emergency assembly, marching on foot, protection, concealment and camouflage, field cooking, health care and fighting physical fitness to temper the fighting will of officers and men and test the actual combat capability of the troops. (Xing Haiwu, Gao Chengcheng, He Yangpan)

　　20℃ below zero

　　Coordinates: the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain

　　The lowest temperature is-26℃

　　The officers and men of a certain division in Xinjiang Military Region carried out assault training to overcome the adverse factors such as severe cold weather and road slippage, and tempered the winning ability of the troops. (Feng Yong, Lu Wenshan, Yin Yujia)

　　Coordinates: somewhere in Heilongjiang

　　The lowest temperature is-25℃

　　The officers and men of a brigade of the 78th Army entered the battle position according to the battle grouping, and thousands of people and hundreds of cars advanced to Linhai Xueyuan, firing the "first shot" of the New Year. (Ma Xiaoyu, Qin Zhangjie, Wang Guangye, Qin Zhangjie)

　　Coordinates: a snowfield in Xinjiang

　　The lowest temperature is-23℃

　　A motorized infantry regiment in Xinjiang carried out training and preparation activities. The harsh climate and harsh environment at the border did not make the officers and men slack off, but aroused the fighting spirit of training. (Luo Junbo, Zhuang Ruolin, Pan Kang)

　　Coordinates: a border defense line in Tibet

　　The lowest temperature is-20℃

　　A frontier defense regiment stationed in Tibet, armed with bullets, lined up neatly and sang battle songs, which ignited a "heat" for the cold winter and sounded the "charge" for training and preparing for the new year. (Fu Dewang, Shi Xiaoyong, Zhang Xueshi)

　　10℃ below zero

　　Coordinates: somewhere in Hebei　　

　　The lowest temperature is-12℃

　　The head of an army division took the lead in going to the shooting range and fired the "first shot" of military training in the new year. 48-hour continuous intensive training, emergency marching, camping, passing through the contaminated area and other subject drills were staged in turn to comprehensively temper and improve the survival and combat capability of the troops under field conditions. (Ye Hong, Cui Shangzhi, Jie Chen)

　　Coordinates: Shannan, Tibet

　　The lowest temperature is-10℃

　　The resident of a frontier defense regiment in Shannan, Tibet is 4,370 meters above sea level. This year, they changed their practice in previous years. As soon as the training mobilization was over, they started live-fire training and organized the head office and grassroots officers and men to start training simultaneously. (Li Guotao, Luo Bangyang, Wang Qihong, Chen Diyun)

　　Coordinates: a training ground in Qinghai-Tibet

　　The lowest temperature is-8℃

　　A synthetic brigade of the 77th Army stationed in the snowy plateau carried out large-scale training. The officers and men moved to the designated area in shifts, conducted armed reconnaissance on the target area, and completed various combat tasks. (Xu Yi, Chang Liang)

　　Above 0℃

　　Coordinates: the hinterland of eastern Anhui

　　The highest temperature is 3℃

　　"Linfen Brigade" has never paid close attention to military training under actual combat conditions, set up the first "Cang Lang" training team, trained a group of top training teams with excellent quality and superb technology, and promoted the overall improvement of military training quality of the troops. (Zhang Haihui, Zhang Hua)

　　Coordinates: Subei Plain

　　The highest temperature is 5℃

　　A land-based aviation brigade of the 71st Group Army carried out training courses such as formation flight, low-altitude penetration and cross-day flight, which kicked off the actual combat training in the new year. (Yue Haojiang, Zhang Fushan)

　　Coordinates: somewhere in Guangxi

　　The highest temperature is 10℃

　　The battalion commander of a training base of the Army in the southern theater took the lead in rushing into the rain and fog and fired the first shot of live ammunition in 2019. (Deng Haibo, Huang Xianmin, Peng Longjie)

　　Above 10℃

　　Coordinates: A mountainous area in Sichuan and Chongqing

　　The highest temperature is 15℃

　　Around 12 contents, an automobile transport brigade of the Army in the Southern Theater has set up 32 subjects, such as vehicle professional service training, wartime service, individual skills strengthening and battlefield political education, and has been trained strictly from difficult to difficult. (Zhu Ying, Sun Minzhe, Jiang Meichao)

　　Coordinates: Lingnan hills

　　The highest temperature is 18℃

　　A brigade of the 74th Army of the Army launched an intensive comprehensive training of reconnaissance specialty by taking advantage of the complex terrain in mountainous areas, and various subjects were interspersed continuously to improve the military quality of the "reconnaissance elite" in all directions.

　　Above 20℃

　　Coordinates: the coast of central Fujian

　　The highest temperature is 20℃

　　More than 600 officers and men of a coastal defense brigade of the Army in the Eastern Theater divided 156 competition assessment subjects, including military sports, common skills and professional skills, and launched competition and set off a training boom. (Shen Ye, Qi Yonghui, Chen Xupeng, Xin Lan, Zhai Henglei)

　　Coordinates: Hainan dense forest

　　The highest temperature is 27℃

　　A brigade of the 74th Group Army organized officers and men to carry out "Red-Blue Confrontation" drills in unfamiliar areas and complex environments, focusing on the contents of impact penetration, strong attack within the array, resisting the enemy’s counter-impact, red and blue harassment and expulsion, breakthrough and blockade, etc., so as to improve the team awareness and actual combat level of officers and men.

　　Above 30℃

　　Coordinates: Congo (DRC), Africa

　　The highest temperature is 37℃

　　All the officers and men of the 22nd batch of peacekeeping engineering detachments in Congo (DRC) started a series of training in Africa thousands of miles away and fired the first shot of the new year’s training. (Li Zhiqiang)

　　Coordinates: Mali, Africa

　　The highest temperature is 38℃

　　The 6th batch of peacekeeping engineering units from China went to Mali to organize security drills from time to time, improve the information sharing mechanism with friendly forces of other countries, and constantly improve the emergency response capability of peacekeeping officers and soldiers. (Liu Xiaoshuai, Huang Shaoqiang)

　　This winter, You are the most handsome people!

　　Source: CCTV

　　Chinanews. com client March 4 th The press conference of the first session of the 13 th National People’s Congress was held on the 4 th. Zhang Yesui, spokesman of the conference, answered questions from Chinese and foreign journalists on the agenda of the conference and the work of the NPC. At the press conference, Zhang Yesui responded to hot topics such as government institutional reform, supervision law, real estate tax law, China’s defense budget, and Sino-US relations.

　　[Meeting schedule: there are 10 agendas from March 5th to 20th]

　　Zhang Yesui introduced that the congress will open on the morning of March 5 and close on the morning of March 20, with a duration of 15 and a half days, which is slightly longer than the first session of the 12th National People’s Congress, which is mainly determined by the agenda of the congress.

　　There are ten agendas for this conference. The first to third items are to review the government work report and review the plan report and budget report. The fourth and fifth agendas are to consider the draft constitutional amendment and the draft supervision law. The sixth to eighth agendas are to review the work reports of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. The ninth agenda is to consider the State Council’s institutional reform plan. The tenth agenda is to elect and decide on the appointment of members of state institutions.

　　[Deliberating and adopting constitutional amendments is an important task of the General Assembly]

　　After 14 years, the Constitution will be revised for the fifth time. Zhang Yesui said that an important task of this congress is to revise some contents of the Constitution, and to review and pass constitutional amendments.

　　He pointed out that amending the Constitution is a major event in the country’s political life and a major legislative activity that concerns the overall situation. The principles of amending the Constitution this time are as follows: First, adhere to the leadership of the Party, adhere to the rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and adhere to the correct political direction. Second, in strict accordance with the law and procedures. Third, fully carry forward democracy, build consensus extensively, and ensure that it reflects the will of the people and is supported by the people. Four, adhere to the principle of partial revision of the constitution, not major changes, so as to comply with the requirements of the development of the cause of the party and the people, and follow the law of the development of constitutional laws to ensure the continuity, stability and authority of the constitution.

　　[Response "How to reform the government institutions?"】

　　On the question of how to reform government institutions, Zhang Yesui pointed out that this congress will listen to and consider the State Council’s institutional reform plan, and the State Council’s institutional reform plan is an important part of the party and state institutional reform plan, with the goal of building a functional system of party and state institutions with complete systems, scientific norms and efficient operation. This draft will be explained at the fourth plenary meeting on March 13th.

　　[the National Supervisory Commission (NSC) is the anti-corruption work organization with China characteristics]

　　Talking about the formulation of the supervision law and the establishment of the National Supervisory Commission (NSC), Zhang Yesui emphasized that the National Supervisory Commission (NSC) is an anti-corruption working institution with China characteristics. The State Supervision Commission and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection are co-located and perform two duties of discipline inspection and supervision. The supervision law is the national legislation against corruption.

　　He said that it is of great and far-reaching significance to strengthen the party’s unified leadership over anti-corruption work, build an authoritative and efficient supervision system, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity by formulating the supervision law, implementing institutional innovation and organizational innovation, and upgrading the practices and experiences that have proved effective in practice into legal systems.

　　[Talking about environmental protection: there were indeed more blue sky and white clouds in Beijing in the past year]

　　Speaking of environmental protection, Zhang Yesui said that in the past year, there were indeed more blue sky and white clouds in Beijing.

　　He said that in 2018, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) will continue to pay close attention to the environmental protection work, formulate the law on the prevention and control of soil pollution, revise the law on the prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste, review the annual report on the state of the environment and the completion of environmental protection objectives, carry out law enforcement inspections on the law on the prevention and control of air pollution and the law on marine environmental protection, and strive to provide a solid legal guarantee for winning the battle against pollution.

　　[Strive to complete the preparation for submitting the real estate tax legislation for deliberation as soon as possible]

　　What is the progress of real estate tax law aimed at social concern? Zhang Yesui responded that speeding up the legislation of real estate tax is an important task put forward by the CPC Central Committee, which was drafted by the the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Budget Working Committee and the Ministry of Finance. At present, the work of drafting and improving the draft law, demonstrating important issues and soliciting opinions internally is being accelerated, so as to complete the preparatory work for submitting it to the Standing Committee for initial consideration as soon as possible.

　　He said that this year, the farmland occupation tax law, vehicle purchase tax law, resource tax law, etc. will also be formulated, and the tax collection and management law will be revised.

　　[China’s moderate increase in defense investment in recent years is still lower than that of major countries in the world]

　　With regard to China’s defense budget, Zhang Yesui responded that in recent years, China has moderately increased its defense investment, a considerable part of which is to make up for the lack of investment in the past, mainly for updating armed equipment, improving the living conditions of soldiers and training and living conditions of grass-roots units.

　　He emphasized that China’s defense investment level is lower than that of major countries in the world, no matter from the proportion of defense budget to GDP, national fiscal expenditure or per capita. China has always adhered to the path of peaceful development and pursued a defensive national defense policy. The development of China will not pose a threat to any country.

　　On Sino-US Relations: Never sit idly by and watch China’s interests get hurt.

　　Talking about Sino-US relations, Zhang Yesui said that Sino-US economic and trade relations are essentially mutually beneficial and win-win. The volume of trade between the two countries can be said to be huge. Last year, the bilateral trade volume between China and the United States exceeded 580 billion US dollars, so it is not surprising that there are some frictions. China does not want to engage in a trade war with the United States, but we must not sit idly by and watch China’s interests get hurt.

　　He emphasized that China and the United States have different social systems, historical cultures and stages of development. It is normal for the two sides to have different views or even differences on some issues, but these differences and differences do not necessarily lead to confrontation. The key is that both sides should treat each other’s strategic intentions objectively and accurately and grasp the development direction of bilateral relations. If policies are formulated based on wrong judgments or assumptions, it will damage the relations between the two countries and bring consequences that neither side wants to see.

　　[It is not in the interest of either side to have war and chaos on the Korean Peninsula]

　　Regarding the situation on the Korean Peninsula, Zhang Yesui responded that the DPRK and the United States are the main parties to the Korean Peninsula issue. If the DPRK-ROK relations and the DPRK-US relations are compared to two wheels, we hope that the DPRK-US relations will continue to turn, and we hope that the DPRK-US relations will turn as soon as possible. In other words, we hope to see the DPRK and the United States start dialogue as soon as possible.

　　Zhang Yesui emphasized that both the DPRK and the United States have made some positive statements recently. China’s position on the peninsula issue is consistent and clear, that is, we insist on realizing the denuclearization of the peninsula, maintaining peace and stability on the peninsula, and solving problems through dialogue and consultation. War and chaos on the peninsula are not in the interest of either side. China will maintain close communication with relevant parties, further increase efforts to persuade peace and promote talks in accordance with the "double suspension" initiative and the idea of parallel tracks, and strive to resolve the Korean Peninsula issue through political and diplomatic means.

　　[The Belt and Road Initiative is open to all interested countries]

　　In response to a media question that some people think that the Belt and Road Initiative is a geostrategic tool of China, Zhang Yesui refuted this view, saying it was a misunderstanding of the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　He said that the "Belt and Road" is an economic cooperation initiative that focuses on interconnection and aims at mutual benefit and win-win. It is hoped that by complementing each other’s advantages, it will create more opportunities for world economic growth and common development of all countries. The principle of "Belt and Road" is to discuss, build and share, and all participants are equal partners. The Belt and Road Initiative is an open and inclusive platform that does not exclude or target any country and is open to all interested countries.

　　[Refuting "China’s export of China model is to change the international order"]

　　A reporter mentioned that China has vigorously advocated building a community of human destiny in recent years, and also proposed to provide China’s plan and China’s wisdom for solving human problems. However, some critics worry that China’s China model is to change the existing international order and rules, and Zhang Yesui also refutes it.

　　He stressed that China will stick to its own path, neither importing foreign models nor exporting China models, and will not ask other countries to copy China’s practices. Of course, if some countries are interested in China’s development experience and practices, we are willing to discuss and share with them, but we will never impose them on others. On the issue of international order, we are not trying to reinvent ourselves and engage in subversion and substitution, but we must persist in being the maintainer and builder of the international order. (End)

Looking back on the "big events" in the world sports in 2023, "adding five major events such as flag football to the Los Angeles Olympic Games in 2028" is definitely among the best.

Entering the "Olympic era" will undoubtedly make flag football one of the most promising sports in China in the future. At this moment, it has also become a crucial "fate node" for China’s flag football-from the free development of the people to the aim of attacking the international competition stage, the selection of the national team, the establishment of the local youth training system and the preparation plan for the competition are all imminent, which can be described as tight time and heavy tasks.

Happily, an unprecedented flag football match held in Jiading District of Shanghai last weekend made a good start.

The first competition was on such a scale.

? ?Liveliness is the reporter’s first impression of this game.

? ?The "2023 National Flag Rugby Championship", sponsored by the National Olympic Sports Center and the Chinese Rugby Association and hosted by the Shanghai Rugby Association, attracted 83 flag rugby teams from all over China, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Tianjin, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Foshan, Ningbo, Nanchang, Wenzhou and Suzhou, and they competed fiercely in the two-day competition.?

There are five groups in the competition: U18 men’s group, U18 women’s group, U20 men’s group, open men’s group and open women’s group. Among the 892 athletes, there are students, white-collar workers, teachers, fitness coaches, hosts and retired athletes. They are all gathered together, which is more like enjoying a long-awaited festival. "I hope that through this national championship, I can learn from the stronger players, constantly improve my skills, and strive for higher achievements in the sport of flag football." Hu Ruijie, a college student player from Anhui, said.

?? ? ?"It’s amazing that the first national flag football championship can have such a scale! Insiders know that this sport has rich spiritual connotation: teamwork, courage, love, unity, respect, discipline, persistence, unity and execution … are vividly displayed on the court. This sport was once hidden in the boudoir, but now it has a considerable mass base. " Chen Yingbiao, director of the National Olympic Sports Center, said.

Chen Yingbiao (front row, right), director of the National Olympic Sports Center, presented trophies to the winning teams.

"The first stop of dressing", Shanghai is the most suitable.

In an interview, Chen Yingbiao thinks that an international metropolis like Shanghai is the best place to become the first stop for China’s flag football to enter a "new era". "Our consideration at that time was that it was urgent to start it in Shanghai at the end of this year." Chen Yingbiao said.

It is no exaggeration to say that Shanghai is "the most suitable".

Generally speaking, the selection process of traditional sports is not only supported by the youth training system and school sports teams that have sunk to various counties, cities and villages, but also has large and small events for athletes all over the country, so that they can further improve themselves in the process of showing themselves and invest in higher-level training and competitions. Specific events such as table tennis and shooting have a relatively sound points system. Based on the principle of "competition for the best", athletes can get the opportunity to play for the five-star red flag on their chests through fair competition. But these measures, flag football seems to have none.

A senior insider told reporters that because of the "barbaric growth" among the people for many years, many athletes who can represent the highest national flag level are "lurking" in these campuses and folk clubs. It is precisely because of this that, unlike other projects with a good foundation, the formation of the national flag team is closely related to the level of mass participation.

Eighty-three flag football teams from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Tianjin, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Foshan, Ningbo, Nanchang, Wenzhou, Suzhou and other parts of the country competed fiercely in the two-day competition.?

Let as many folk football players as possible gather together, and through selection, let the outstanding players change their club jerseys into national team jerseys. There is no better "dressing stage" than Shanghai, a "land of rugby".

"We hope to take Shanghai as a starting point and this competition as an opportunity to further increase regional competitions in the coming year, and strive to achieve weekly competitions in various provinces and cities. We hope to release the charm of flag football and let schools, social clubs and even enterprises participate extensively." Chen Yingbiao said.

There are many data that can prove this "soil". From 2020, the first national flag rugby community activity was organized by the Shanghai Rugby Association and called on all member units to develop together. This new outdoor sports mode of sports+socialization, which is widely sought after by young people and commercial brands, has rapidly warmed up all over the country, attracting tens of thousands of young people to participate. At the peak, there were nearly 500 flag football communities in China to popularize flag football and organize events in various places.

The number of teams participating in organized amateur adult equipment leagues in China has increased from 8 in 2014 to nearly 80 in 2023. At most, there are more than ten football teams equipped in Shanghai. There are more than ten national top-level college flag football teams in Shanghai all the year round, which are active in amateur competitions of the Municipal Education Commission and the sports system.

In recent years, with the implementation of the "double reduction" policy, the flag football has officially become the content of the public welfare distribution class of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission to serve the schools in the city. There are countless non-governmental training institutions operating in the market. As early as 2018, data showed that more than 8,000 primary school students in Shanghai were trained in rugby courses at least once a week; Every year, in the Super Bowl, nearly 10 million China viewers watch the live broadcast of the event on TV and new media platforms, among which Shanghai fans account for the majority. In addition, Shanghai is also the most representative American football town-there are not only many clubs, but also a set of scientific management models, which regularly organize training and competitions.

Rugby is the highlight of Shanghai City Amateur League.

? The year-round folk games have become the core of revitalizing this football hotspot. In the past two years, Shanghai Sports Bureau has promoted rugby to the highest level of Shanghai amateur league-league events. The rugby amateur league, which is created by the Football Association, includes four categories: equipment, flag, English and touch. Only the flag football events are subdivided into: U6U8U10U12U14U16 college group, open men’s group, open mixed group, open women’s group, inter-school group, etc … Even during the epidemic period, more than 30,000 adults and teenagers participated in the games in Shanghai.

? ?The Shanghai sports management department also brought rugby into the city amateur league, and the government set up a platform to promote and popularize rugby with high-quality resources. All kinds of rugby fans with different genders, different ages, different cultural backgrounds and different sports foundations participated in it. As the main body of the competition, the Shanghai Football Association has attracted the "assist" of the NFL, the top professional sports league, with its authoritative and professional style of running the competition. It can be said that many parties have worked together to cultivate the "soil".? ?

Can the "Olympic East Wind" bring more competitions?

It is really urgent for the national flag team to prepare for the upcoming competition from scratch. It is believed that in addition to selecting outstanding social clubs and campus teams, it is very likely that some existing rugby players will be transformed into waist flags, or the logic of rugby will be continued, and athletes with physical conditions suitable for waist flags will be selected from other events such as track and field for training.

However, in any case, the first batch of truly high-level professional flag football players will be ushered in China sports world, and the training mode of flag football talents has also been able to start a new "engine"-it is understood that the Youth Training Center of Shanghai Sports Bureau has started the registration of young athletes in new projects, and some district sports bureaus arranged in advance have also started exchanges with the Shanghai Football Association to seek a new mode of cooperation in training; In addition, we also have every reason to expect that with the blowing of the "Olympic East Wind", Shanghai, as a "land of rugby", can serve as an excellent springboard and platform for China’s flag rugby events to a higher level-from mass events to professional events and international competitions.

Luo Wenhua, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Sports Bureau, told reporters that the enthusiasm shown by all sectors of society and student groups for the waist flag rugby reflects that Shanghai has a mass base for hosting high-standard rugby matches. "The purpose of hosting more top-level events in Shanghai is to enable more people around to pay attention to these projects and participate in them, so as to improve their physical fitness while enjoying sports."

? ?It is expected that the flag football will become a "good card" for Shanghai to accelerate the construction of the international sports capital.

In 2015, the movie "Shock Effect" starring Hollywood movie star will smith caused quite a shock.

This is a film about the theme of football. In the film, will smith plays the role of a neurologist, who finds that NFL (Major League Football) players are prone to a brain disease called CTE (Chronic Traumatic Brain Disease) due to a large number of severe head impacts. Because it touches the interests of all parties, this expert’s research has been resisted by peers, NFL officials and other aspects.

The Shock Effect is adapted from a true story. The chronic traumatic brain disease mentioned in the film is exactly the brain disease that scientists have been studying in reality, and the NFL tried to resist this research.

Recently, the American media CNN revealed that the real situation is even more terrible than that revealed by Shock Effect. According to the investigation of JAMA, an authoritative medical magazine, 99% NFL players suffered from chronic traumatic brain lesions after retirement.

Pathological sections of brain lesions of football players in JAMA investigation report.

Only one of the 111 former NFL players survived.

This survey pointed out that chronic traumatic brain disease is a kind of disease caused by a large number of repeated head collisions, which will produce redundant microtubule-binding proteins in the brain, which will block normal neural channels, thus producing a series of neurological diseases.

These symptoms include memory loss, confusion, poor judgment, depression, nervousness, etc. Victims may even have aggressive behavior because of impulse out of control, and some people commit suicide because of unbearable pain.

Without any clinical experience, the researchers can only conduct this study through brain slices of 202 football players who volunteered to donate their brains after death.

The results show that among the 111 former NFL professional football players, 110 have different levels of chronic traumatic brain lesions; Among the 53 former college football players, 48 suffered from brain lesions; What’s even more amazing is that among the 14 high school football players, 3 were actually diagnosed with chronic traumatic brain lesions.

Dr. Ann McKee, who is in charge of this study, asserted to the media: "There is no doubt that there is something wrong with rugby, and everyone engaged in this sport may suffer from chronic traumatic brain lesions."

On the one hand, NFL officials are grandiose and bureaucratic, on the other hand, they are lucky to avoid the problem. An official said: "There are still many unconfirmed places about the cause, probability and long-term impact of CTE."

The NFL is unwilling to surrender to scientists, but we should know that many professional football players may have suffered for decades because chronic traumatic brain diseases can not be diagnosed until the patient dies.

NFL star David Dulson who committed suicide because of brain lesions.

There was an NFL star who committed suicide because of the pain of brain lesions.

In 2015, Chris Bohlander, a 24-year-old san francisco 49ers inside guard, suddenly announced his retirement. In an interview with ESPN, his response was full of frustration. "I just want to live a healthy life, and I don’t want to get any neurological diseases or die young."

In fact, Bohlander is lucky enough. Before 2011, NFL star David Dulson shot himself in his home. In his suicide note to his wife, he wrote: "Please, for the truth, please donate my brain to the NFL brain bank."

Dulson’s suicide stems from unbearable concussion pain. In this investigation, his brain was reintroduced into the study, and sure enough, Dulson was diagnosed with severe chronic traumatic brain lesions.

Although there are statistics showing that a professional NFL player encounters an average of 1,500 impacts every season, the NFL is reluctant to admit that the brain pain on those players is related to frequent head impacts during the game.

The plot of "Shock Effect" is quietly staged in reality. With the efforts of several generations of players, it was not until last year that the league was forced to "let go" and admit the danger of rugby.

At that time, faced with questions from members of Congress, Jeff Maitreya, NFL vice president of health and safety, personally admitted that rugby was directly related to CTE, but NFL officials also seemed to be at a loss as to how to avoid such dangers.

NFL President Roger Gould said: "Injury is always part of the game. Rugby is a sport that requires physical contact. There is not much we can do."

More and more data show that football can hurt the brain.

Danger has not brought more expensive rewards.

Does the dangerous sports meet bring expensive rewards?

In the average salary of players in the four major North American leagues (baseball, rugby, ice hockey and basketball) published by Forbes magazine in 2012, the average annual salary of rugby players is 1.9 million US dollars, ranking the last among the four major leagues, while the average annual salary of NBA players is as high as 5.15 million US dollars, which is 2.7 times that of NFL players.

After several years, this situation has not changed, but it is getting worse. One of the reasons for the "low salary" of NFL players is the huge number of teams. The number of applicants for each NFL team is 53, but the number of players playing is only 11.

As a result, players in many positions can’t play any games all season. In addition, the draft system supported by the huge player base also makes NFL players "worthless", and more than 200 new players join the NFL major leagues every year.

The particularity of rugby (easy to get hurt) makes the league must adhere to such a team structure and draft mode, but it also causes the proliferation and worthless players.

Under the fierce competition of survival of the fittest, many young players have been in the league for only one or two years, and they are in danger of being "dismissed" with a basic salary contract. When they enter the league, they have dreams and enthusiasm, and they are eager to change their destiny through football, but in the end they may only get an injury and lifelong brain trauma.

Even if you make a big splash in the league and earn a lot of money, the longer your service life, the more likely you are to be seriously injured. After retiring, you just don’t have to worry about your livelihood, but brain pain will often torture you for life.

This "endless road" is the story behind professional football.

"I am a neurologist, and my duty is to ensure that my patients enjoy a healthy brain, but you need to realize why people love sports. (Being a professional rugby player) This is a personal choice after all, and everyone has got different things from sports."

At the end of the investigation, a doctor who had contacted some patients diagnosed with CTE after death said this. He has no intention to stop people from taking part in this sport, but he hopes that the health of rugby players can attract more attention.

"What kind of arc is an athlete’s life? You need to understand what kind of health they will be at the end of their career."

Don’t ask about foreign land and hometown.

Where are people, where is Nian?

According to the data of railway administration,

This ugly year of the ox

More than 100 million people choose to "stay behind"

Celebrate the New Year on the spot and have a reunion.

every"original year person"the story of

It smells good!

01

"Clean year, leave some time to pay attention to yourself"

NingxinActress from mainland China, with representative works such as Eye of the Storm, Hot-blooded Companion, Smiling Beauty, etc. She is a popular contestant in Miss Chongqing contest in 2012, and also a typical Sichuan girl. She is straightforward and generous, and relatives and friends love to find her when they go to Beijing, calling her "Chongqing and Zigong’s receptionist in Beijing".

Ningxin likes excitement and likes Chinese New Year.

"In the year of my heart, there are beautiful frogs, sweet and sour ribs, a big table of red and spicy dishes, and a large family gathering together."Ning Xin said that in addition to Sichuan and Chongqing cuisine, their family’s Spring Festival must-have repertoire is to visit relatives and friends, and Chongqing-Zigong-Neijiang turns around, keeping up with the clockwork every day. It is necessary to string many doors and meet many people.

This year is different, because of work, Ningxin stayed in Haikou. During the post-epidemic period, in order to respond to the call of the country to "celebrate the New Year on the spot", she simply stayed in Haikou for the New Year.

Without special planning or preparation in advance, I ate a New Year’s Eve dinner package at the hotel. Although compared with previous years, the taste of the year is a little lighter, but it is plain and has a different flavor.

"The time spent playing mobile phones has been greatly shortened. I eat and sleep in the house and watch movies every day. When I am bored, I go out for a walk, look at the sea, stay for a long time, or think about my future plans.I like a lively year, and I also like a quiet year-to be quiet when it should be lively, to leave some time for myself, to pay attention to myself, and to let me see myself more clearly."NingXin said.

02

"With the’ comrades in arms’ group year, the human touch is the taste of the year."

Chen yuanqiShe is a nurse in the Department of Neurology, Kuanren Hospital in northern Chongqing. Her hometown is Luzhou, Sichuan. As a front-line medical staff, she knows better than ordinary people the meaning behind "celebrating the New Year on the spot".

Therefore, she decided to become a member of the "left-behind" army.

Although parents are distressed that the girl is alone in a foreign land, long live understanding in the face of the epidemic.

The hospital hoarded a lot of materials (delicious food) in advance, and also arranged some red decorations in advance, such as a small puppet in the shape of a cow, a red fruit flower arrangement and so on.

On the first day of junior high school, colleagues in the department sat together to make jiaozi and glutinous rice balls, and sent some hot jiaozi to patients and their families. Everyone was so moved that they thanked them again and again. "It’s so warm of you!"

Chen Yuanqi said that the year of Chongqing in 2021 is busy and warm.

"After the intense anti-epidemic and epidemic prevention war, the medical staff in our department are not only colleagues, but also comrades-in-arms and relatives. Although I can’t go home for the New Year, I’m not alone with everyone. It turns out that this is the meaning of the Spring Festival-where people are and where the year is. The human touch is the taste of the year. "

03

"The ceremonial feeling of the Spring Festival, a fireworks show worth 200 million yuan"

OliviaIt’s a western pastry chef. The reporter collected materials from the readers of the new women’s newspaper, and Olivia volunteered to share her story of "celebrating the New Year on the spot" in Xiamen.

Xiamen during the Spring Festival, in the words of writer Haruki Murakami, is that there is not a cloud in the sky and the wind is warm, which is an impeccable sunny day. The vast rape blossoms in Xiangshan and the cherry blossoms in Manshan are the most beautiful spring scenery.

Olivia said that in the past, during the Spring Festival in Chongqing, flannel thick cotton trousers were always unkempt-no fashionable white-collar worker could escape the fate of becoming a "village flower" every second. There is an advantage in Xiamen, a long skirt and a wave by the sea, showing the Hawaiian style.

"A person can’t brush his circle of friends when he is in the field for the New Year. He feels that happiness and carnival belong to others. But the first day of the New Year is the happiest, because I made an appointment with my friends to see the island road.A fireworks show worth 200 million yuan. "Fireworks were set off in Jinmen, Xiamen for half an hour. Olivia always wanted to shoot a romantic scene of waving fairy wand at the seaside, but the sea breeze and waves refused, and finally only took a video of sand sculpture wishing on fairy wand.

Fireworks for half an hour, traffic jams in the middle of the night, the grand occasion is comparable to the annual New Year’s Eve in Jie Fangbei, Chongqing, and this fireworks party finally ends with the operation of hotels and homestays around the island.

"I miss Chongqing’s grilled fish and hot pot skewers, miss the lights of Hongyadong, miss the excitement of Guanyin Bridge, and miss the home-cooked meals made by my parents. But when we grow up and work, we often can’t do whatever we want. But,It doesn’t matter if you don’t like the food, the dialect you don’t understand, or the climate with strong ultraviolet rays, because as long as you are brave enough, you will always wait for a beautiful fireworks feast."Olivia said.

Today is the sixth day of the Lunar New Year.

Spring is beautiful, the wind is soft and the sun is warm.

Some people are busy preparing for spring ploughing and driving out poverty.

Some people run out of holiday balance.

The workload is on the way.

I hope my friends will work hard.

Get rich in the year of the ox

All the wishes you want come true ~

Text _ Chief reporter Gong Zhengxing

Figure _ Provided by respondents

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In the snow project of the Winter Olympics,

The action of the players on the snow slope is so handsome,

Many people are eager to try: "Why don’t I try skiing?"

Any sport has risks, and skiing is no exception.

Many friends got together because of skiing injuries.

Some people even set up a "snow-season staring group".

Principles of "PEACE" in acute stage

"p"-pay attention to protection(Protection): Take protective initiative to the injured joint to reduce bleeding and avoid aggravating the injury.

"E"-Elevate the injured area(Elevation): Elevate the injured part above the level of the heart.

"A"-Avoid using anti-inflammatory drugs.(Avoid anti-inflammatory drugs): It can be used for local cold compress to stop bleeding and reduce swelling, avoiding the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs.

"c"-pressure dressing(Compression): Use elastic bandage for pressure dressing to limit joint edema and soft tissue bleeding.

"e"-education(Education): Understand the treatment contents and precautions after acute joint injury.

Principles of subacute treatment of "LOVE"

"l"-moderate load(Load): Walk with proper load to strengthen the recovery of tendons, muscles and ligaments around joints.

"O"-optimism(Optimality): An Optimism attitude is conducive to the recovery of functions.

"V"-Keep the blood circulation unobstructed.(Vascularisation): Exercise the injured part as soon as possible under the condition of pain tolerance, increase aerobic exercise, and improve blood circulation and tissue repair of injured tissue.

"e"-Exercise: Scientific and standardized family sports rehabilitation exercise.

According to the doctor, skiing and skating are relatively high-speed.

Coupled with the heavy equipment, the damage caused is mostly high-energy damage.

Usually better than ball games, running and jumping, etc.

The severity of the injury is higher,Many people have broken bones.

Generally speaking, the fractures that occur during exercise are all closed fractures, and the targeted emergency treatment mainly includes fixation and analgesia.

Fracture fixation is beneficial to most injured people. Fixation can prevent fracture displacement or reduction failure, prevent further injury and relieve pain. There are many fixation methods for simple fractures, including splint, plaster, brace, finger sticking (a kind of dressing method) and sling-wrapped bandage fixation. In an emergency, splints are the first choice for fractures with low risk of displacement, mainly because the soft tissue around most fracture sites will swell. If the acute injury site is fixed with plaster, there is no room for swelling tissue, and tissue ischemia, stress injury and even iatrogenic osteofascial compartment syndrome may occur.

Adequate analgesia is also an important treatment for acute fractures. Fracture fixation, ice compress, raising the affected limb and using analgesic drugs are all helpful to relieve pain. After the first aid treatment, the injured should be sent to the hospital in time for further treatment.

Doctor’s reminder

Know the risks before participating in ice and snow sports.

Have a basic assessment of your abilities.

Don’t try difficult moves rashly.

Pay special attention to warm-up activities before exercise.

Wear protective equipment and get familiar with the site and environment in advance.

Strengthen the training of physical fitness and lower limb muscle strength in daily life.

Helps prevent sports injuries.

Don’t try to be brave after injury to prevent secondary injury.