How many days can N95 mask be used？ How to choose a mask that suits you？ These methods are easy to learn
How to choose a mask that suits you? How to wear a mask correctly? The Respiratory Rehabilitation Center of Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University gives the following guidance.
First, common masks and their characteristics
Common masks mainly include ordinary masks (such as paper masks, activated carbon masks, cotton masks, sponge masks, gauze masks, etc.), medical masks, medical surgical masks, and medical protective masks (such as N95 and KN95 masks, etc.).
Ordinary maskCan be repeatedly cleaned and used. Saliva will be left in the part of the mask that touches the nose and mouth. If it is not cleaned frequently, it will easily breed bacteria and do not meet the hygiene requirements. The fibers of cotton masks are generally very thick, which can not effectively filter smaller particles, and most of them have not passed the international safety certification, so the protection effect is not guaranteed.
Medical protective mask (N95)It has a good fit to the wearer’s face, can filter particles in the air, block pollutants such as droplets, blood, body fluids and secretions, and the filtering efficiency of non-oily particles can reach over 95%. It is a common personal protective article for dealing with airborne diseases.
Medical surgical maskIt is a commonly used medical mask in the operating room and other environments with the risk of body fluids and blood spatter. It can prevent blood and body fluids from passing through the mask and polluting the wearer, and at the same time, the filtration efficiency of bacteria is over 95%, but the filtration efficiency of particles is limited, and most of them are rectangular in design, and the tightness with the face is not as tight as that of medical protective masks. Common medical surgical masks include strap type and ear hanging type.
There are many names for ordinary medical masks. Medical masks without the words "protection" and "surgery" in their names are all ordinary medical masks. This level of masks does not require blood barrier or tightness, so they are only used in ordinary medical environments. Most common medical masks are ear-hanging, and their appearance is similar to that of ear-hanging surgical masks.
Second, how to choose the right mask?
1. types and protective effects of masks: medical protective masks > medical surgical masks > common medical masks > common masks.
2. Ordinary masks (such as cotton cloth, sponge, activated carbon and gauze) can only prevent dust and smog, and cannot prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses.
3. Ordinary medical masks: they can be used in public places where people are not crowded.
4. Medical surgical mask: The protective effect is better than ordinary medical mask, and it can be worn in crowded places in public places.
5. Medical protective mask (N95/KN95): It can be used by front-line medical staff when they are in contact with patients diagnosed or suspected of COVID-19, fever clinics, field survey sampling and testing personnel, and can also be worn in crowded places or closed public places.
6. Regarding the protection of novel coronavirus in the near future, medical masks should be selected, and ordinary cotton, gauze, activated carbon and other masks cannot be used.
Third, the wearing method of medical surgical mask
Iv. Correct wearing method of N95 mask
1. Face the face of the mask without the nose clip, so that the nose clip is located above the mask. Hold the mask on your face with your hand and hold it against your chin.
2. Pull the upper headband over your head and place it above your head.
3. Pull the lower headband over your head and place it under the ear behind your neck.
4. Place your fingers in the middle of the metal nose clip and move your fingertips along both sides of the nose clip while pressing inward until the nose clip is completely pressed into the shape of a bridge of the nose. Pinching the nose clip of the mask with only one hand may affect the tightness of the mask.
5. The user must check the tightness between the mask and the face:
A cover the mask with both hands to avoid affecting the position of the mask on the face;
B. inhale quickly. If air leaks from the bridge of the nose, readjust the nose clip according to step 4; If air leaks from the edge of the mask, the headband should be readjusted; If a good fit cannot be achieved, steps 1-4 should be repeated.
C. if there is no feeling of leakage, it is well worn.
Breathing valve tips
Function of Breathing Valve: Using a mask with breathing valve can help you feel more comfortable when exhaling in a hot and humid working environment with poor ventilation or heavy workload. The function principle of the breathing valve is that the positive pressure of the exhaust gas blows the valve plate open when exhaling, so as to quickly remove the exhaust gas in the body and reduce the sultry feeling when using the mask, while the negative pressure when inhaling will automatically close the valve to avoid inhaling pollutants from the external environment.
5. When do I need to change my mask?
1. The 1.N95 mask can be worn for three days if it is not polluted, contaminated with droplets and deformed, and the mask is closely attached to the face. However, if you contact a patient in COVID-19, or feel that you have difficulty breathing when wearing it, you need to discard it in time.
2. Surgical masks and medical masks are generally worn continuously for 4 hours for replacement, and they are always replaced when they are polluted or wet.
Six, how to deal with abandoned masks?
1. Masks worn by healthy people have no risk of spread in novel coronavirus, so they can be treated according to the requirements of domestic waste classification.
2. Masks worn by suspected cases or confirmed patients should not be discarded at will, and should be regarded as medical waste, which should be treated in strict accordance with the relevant procedures of medical waste and not allowed to enter the circulation market.